______is an eye condition that happens before birth. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small.

______is an eye condition that happens before birth. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small.

• A. Microphthalmia
• B. Anophthalmia
• C. Hyperopia
• D. Strabismus

Answer: (A)

This item tests understanding of a birth condition where the eye is underdeveloped in the womb, leading to an eyeball that is smaller than normal. Microphthalmia occurs when one or both eyes are abnormally small due to impaired development during fetal life. The condition can affect vision to varying degrees and may appear alone or with other eye anomalies or syndromes. In planning for a student, anticipate potential visual limitations and provide accommodations such as good lighting, high-contrast or large-print materials, and appropriate seating to maximize remaining vision, while coordinating with ophthalmology for monitoring and possible prosthetic options if needed. Anophthalmia means there is no eyeball at all, not just a small one; hyperopia is a refractive error causing farsightedness; strabismus is a misalignment of the eyes.

This item tests understanding of a birth condition where the eye is underdeveloped in the womb, leading to an eyeball that is smaller than normal. Microphthalmia occurs when one or both eyes are abnormally small due to impaired development during fetal life. The condition can affect vision to varying degrees and may appear alone or with other eye anomalies or syndromes. In planning for a student, anticipate potential visual limitations and provide accommodations such as good lighting, high-contrast or large-print materials, and appropriate seating to maximize remaining vision, while coordinating with ophthalmology for monitoring and possible prosthetic options if needed.

Anophthalmia means there is no eyeball at all, not just a small one; hyperopia is a refractive error causing farsightedness; strabismus is a misalignment of the eyes.